Matplotlib Font Table Visualization

Introduction

This lab will guide you through an example of how font tables relate to one another using Python's Matplotlib library.

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Skills Graph

%%%%{init: {'theme':'neutral'}}%%%% flowchart RL python(("`Python`")) -.-> python/BasicConceptsGroup(["`Basic Concepts`"]) matplotlib(("`Matplotlib`")) -.-> matplotlib/BasicConceptsGroup(["`Basic Concepts`"]) python(("`Python`")) -.-> python/ControlFlowGroup(["`Control Flow`"]) python(("`Python`")) -.-> python/DataStructuresGroup(["`Data Structures`"]) python(("`Python`")) -.-> python/ModulesandPackagesGroup(["`Modules and Packages`"]) python(("`Python`")) -.-> python/PythonStandardLibraryGroup(["`Python Standard Library`"]) python(("`Python`")) -.-> python/DataScienceandMachineLearningGroup(["`Data Science and Machine Learning`"]) python(("`Python`")) -.-> python/FunctionsGroup(["`Functions`"]) python/BasicConceptsGroup -.-> python/comments("`Comments`") matplotlib/BasicConceptsGroup -.-> matplotlib/importing_matplotlib("`Importing Matplotlib`") python/ControlFlowGroup -.-> python/for_loops("`For Loops`") python/DataStructuresGroup -.-> python/lists("`Lists`") python/DataStructuresGroup -.-> python/tuples("`Tuples`") python/ModulesandPackagesGroup -.-> python/importing_modules("`Importing Modules`") python/ModulesandPackagesGroup -.-> python/using_packages("`Using Packages`") python/ModulesandPackagesGroup -.-> python/standard_libraries("`Common Standard Libraries`") python/PythonStandardLibraryGroup -.-> python/os_system("`Operating System and System`") python/DataScienceandMachineLearningGroup -.-> python/data_visualization("`Data Visualization`") python/FunctionsGroup -.-> python/build_in_functions("`Build-in Functions`") subgraph Lab Skills python/comments -.-> lab-48744{{"`Matplotlib Font Table Visualization`"}} matplotlib/importing_matplotlib -.-> lab-48744{{"`Matplotlib Font Table Visualization`"}} python/for_loops -.-> lab-48744{{"`Matplotlib Font Table Visualization`"}} python/lists -.-> lab-48744{{"`Matplotlib Font Table Visualization`"}} python/tuples -.-> lab-48744{{"`Matplotlib Font Table Visualization`"}} python/importing_modules -.-> lab-48744{{"`Matplotlib Font Table Visualization`"}} python/using_packages -.-> lab-48744{{"`Matplotlib Font Table Visualization`"}} python/standard_libraries -.-> lab-48744{{"`Matplotlib Font Table Visualization`"}} python/os_system -.-> lab-48744{{"`Matplotlib Font Table Visualization`"}} python/data_visualization -.-> lab-48744{{"`Matplotlib Font Table Visualization`"}} python/build_in_functions -.-> lab-48744{{"`Matplotlib Font Table Visualization`"}} end

Load the Font

First, we need to load a font file. In this example, we will use DejaVuSans.ttf font file.

import os
import matplotlib
from matplotlib.ft2font import FT2Font

font = FT2Font(os.path.join(matplotlib.get_data_path(), 'fonts/ttf/DejaVuSans.ttf'))

Set the Character Map

Next, we set the character map to the standard Unicode character map.

font.set_charmap(0)

Get Character Codes and Glyphs

We will get the character codes and corresponding glyphs in the font and store them in two dictionaries, coded and glyphd.

codes = font.get_charmap().items()

coded = {}
glyphd = {}
for ccode, glyphind in codes:
    name = font.get_glyph_name(glyphind)
    coded[name] = ccode
    glyphd[name] = glyphind

Load a Glyph

Now we will load a glyph, the letter 'A', from the font and print its bounding box using the glyph.bbox attribute.

code = coded['A']
glyph = font.load_char(code)
print(glyph.bbox)

Get Kerning Values

We can get the kerning values between two glyphs by using the font.get_kerning() method. In this example, we will get the kerning value between the glyphs for 'A' and 'V' and the glyphs for 'A' and 'T'.

## kerning values for 'AV'
print('AV', font.get_kerning(glyphd['A'], glyphd['V'], KERNING_DEFAULT))
print('AV', font.get_kerning(glyphd['A'], glyphd['V'], KERNING_UNFITTED))
print('AV', font.get_kerning(glyphd['A'], glyphd['V'], KERNING_UNSCALED))

## kerning value for 'AT'
print('AT', font.get_kerning(glyphd['A'], glyphd['T'], KERNING_UNSCALED))

Summary

In this lab, we learned how to load a font file, set the character map, get character codes and glyphs, load a glyph, and get kerning values between glyphs. These are useful techniques for anyone who wants to work with fonts and text in their Python projects.