Hadoop Cluster Architecture Overview
Hadoop Ecosystem Components
The Hadoop ecosystem consists of several key components that work together to provide a scalable and fault-tolerant distributed computing platform. The main components are:
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HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System): HDFS is the primary storage system used by Hadoop applications. It is designed to store and process large amounts of data across a cluster of commodity hardware.
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YARN (Yet Another Resource Negotiator): YARN is the resource management and job scheduling component of Hadoop. It is responsible for allocating resources to applications and managing the execution of tasks.
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MapReduce: MapReduce is the programming model and software framework for writing applications that process large amounts of data in parallel on a cluster of machines.
Hadoop Cluster Architecture
A typical Hadoop cluster consists of the following components:
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NameNode: The NameNode is the master node that manages the HDFS file system. It keeps track of the location of data blocks and coordinates the file system operations.
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DataNodes: The DataNodes are the worker nodes that store the data blocks and perform the actual data processing tasks.
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ResourceManager: The ResourceManager is the master node that manages the YARN resource allocation and job scheduling.
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NodeManagers: The NodeManagers are the worker nodes that execute the tasks assigned by the ResourceManager.
graph TD
NameNode -- Manages HDFS --> DataNodes
ResourceManager -- Manages YARN --> NodeManagers
DataNodes -- Store data --> NameNode
NodeManagers -- Execute tasks --> ResourceManager
Hadoop Cluster Deployment
To deploy a Hadoop cluster, you need to install and configure the necessary components on the cluster nodes. This typically involves the following steps:
- Install the Hadoop software on all the cluster nodes.
- Configure the NameNode and DataNodes for HDFS.
- Configure the ResourceManager and NodeManagers for YARN.
- Start the Hadoop services and verify the cluster is up and running.
Here's an example of how to start the Hadoop services on a Ubuntu 22.04 system:
## Start the NameNode
hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode
## Start the DataNodes
hadoop-daemon.sh start datanode
## Start the ResourceManager
yarn-daemon.sh start resourcemanager
## Start the NodeManagers
yarn-daemon.sh start nodemanager