Basic Arithmetic Operations

Introduction

Arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division are fundamental operations in programming. In this lab, we will show you how to write a C program to perform basic arithmetic operations and how the C language handles typecasting.

Skills Graph

Set up the Basic Structure

Before we start, make sure you have a C compiler installed on your machine. Open your text editor and create a new file named "main.c" in the ~/project/ directory.

Let's start by including the stdio.h header file and writing the main function:

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
    return 0;
}

Ask for User Input

Ask the user to input two integers using the scanf() function. Declare the variables to store these integers as int a and int b.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
    int a, b;
    printf("Enter two integers: ");
    scanf("%d%d", &a, &b);

    return 0;
}

Perform Basic Arithmetic Operations Without Typecasting

Now, let's perform basic arithmetic operations without typecasting. Declare variables to store the results of the arithmetic operations as add, subtract, multiply, and divide.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
    int a, b, add, subtract, multiply;
    float divide;
    printf("Enter two integers: ");
    scanf("%d%d", &a, &b);

    add = a + b;
    subtract = a - b;
    multiply = a * b;
    divide = a / b;

    printf("Addition of the numbers = %d\n", add);
    printf("Subtraction of 2nd number from 1st = %d\n", subtract);
    printf("Multiplication of the numbers = %d\n", multiply);
    printf("Dividing 1st number from 2nd = %f\n", divide);
    return 0;
}

Perform Basic Arithmetic Operations With Typecasting

C language handles typecasting implicitly. However, we can handle it explicitly in our programs too. Let's write a C program that performs basic arithmetic operations with typecasting.

Declare variables to store the results of the arithmetic operations as add, subtract, multiply, divide, and remainder.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
    int a, b, add, subtract, multiply, remainder;
    float divide;
    printf("Enter two integers: ");
    scanf("%d%d", &a, &b);

    add = a + b;
    subtract = a - b;
    multiply = a * b;
    divide = a / (float)b;
    remainder = a % b;

    printf("Addition of the numbers = %d\n", add);
    printf("Subtraction of 2nd number from 1st = %d\n", subtract);
    printf("Multiplication of the numbers = %d\n", multiply);
    printf("Dividing 1st number from 2nd = %f\n", divide);
    printf("Remainder on Dividing 1st number by 2nd is %d\n", remainder);
    return 0;
}

Compile and Run the Program

Save the main.c file. Open your terminal in the ~/project/ directory where you saved your file and compile the program using the following command:

gcc -o main main.c

This will create an executable file named main. Run the program using the following command:

./main

Test the Program

Test the program by inputting two integers and check if the program is performing the arithmetic operations as expected.

Full Code

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
    int a, b, add, subtract, multiply, remainder;
    float divide;
    printf("Enter two integers: ");
    scanf("%d%d", &a, &b);

    add = a + b;
    subtract = a - b;
    multiply = a * b;
    divide = a / (float)b;
    remainder = a % b;

    printf("Addition of the numbers = %d\n", add);
    printf("Subtraction of 2nd number from 1st = %d\n", subtract);
    printf("Multiplication of the numbers = %d\n", multiply);
    printf("Dividing 1st number from 2nd = %f\n", divide);
    printf("Remainder on Dividing 1st number by 2nd is %d\n", remainder);
    return 0;
}

Summary

In this lab, we have learned how to write a C program to perform basic arithmetic operations and how the C language handles typecasting. We have demonstrated how to perform basic arithmetic operations with and without typecasting. Finally, we have compiled and run the program to test its functionalities.