How do arrays differ from structs?

Arrays and structs differ in several key ways:

1. Data Type Uniformity:

   • Arrays: All elements in an array must be of the same data type. For example, an array of integers can only contain integers.
   • Structs: A struct can contain multiple fields of different data types. For example, a struct can have an integer field, a string field, and a float field all in one.

2. Purpose:

   • Arrays: Primarily used to store a collection of similar items, such as a list of numbers or strings.
   • Structs: Used to group related data together, representing a single entity with multiple attributes. For example, a struct can represent a person with fields for name, age, and height.

3. Memory Layout:

   • Arrays: Elements are stored in contiguous memory locations, making it easy to access elements using an index.
   • Structs: Fields may not be stored contiguously, depending on the data types and alignment requirements, and are accessed using field names.

4. Access Method:

   • Arrays: Accessed using an index (e.g., array[0]).
   • Structs: Accessed using field names (e.g., structInstance.fieldName).

These differences make arrays and structs suitable for different use cases in programming.