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Créer une structure et des balises HTML de base

HTMLBeginner
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Introduction

Dans ce laboratoire (lab), les étudiants apprendront les compétences fondamentales pour créer une structure de document HTML de base et comprendre les balises HTML essentielles. Le laboratoire guide les participants dans la configuration d'un document HTML avec une déclaration DOCTYPE appropriée, l'ajout de la balise racine HTML, la configuration de la section <head> et l'exploration de différents types de balises HTML.

Les participants commenceront par créer un document HTML5, apprendre à déclarer le type de document, structurer la mise en page de base de la page et comprendre le but d'éléments clés tels que <html>, <head> et <body>. À la fin du laboratoire, les étudiants auront une compréhension complète de la création d'un document HTML bien formé et de l'utilisation de diverses balises HTML pour structurer le contenu des pages web.

Configurer le document HTML avec la déclaration DOCTYPE

Dans cette étape, vous apprendrez à configurer les bases d'un document HTML en ajoutant la déclaration DOCTYPE. La déclaration DOCTYPE est cruciale car elle indique aux navigateurs web quelle version d'HTML votre document utilise, garantissant un affichage correct et une compatibilité.

Tout d'abord, ouvrez le WebIDE et créez un nouveau fichier appelé index.html dans le répertoire ~/project.

La déclaration DOCTYPE pour HTML5 est simple et directe. Vous l'ajouterez comme première ligne de votre document HTML :

<!doctype html>

Cette déclaration indique aux navigateurs que vous utilisez HTML5, la dernière version d'HTML. Elle ne respecte pas la casse, mais la version en minuscules est recommandée pour la cohérence et la lisibilité.

Créons une structure complète de document HTML de base avec la déclaration DOCTYPE :

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>My First HTML Page</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Welcome to HTML!</h1>
  </body>
</html>
Structure du document HTML

Notes : En savoir plus sur Comment prévisualiser des fichiers HTML dans le WebIDE.

Le résultat affiché dans le navigateur serait le suivant :

Welcome to HTML!

Points clés à retenir :

  • La déclaration DOCTYPE doit être la première ligne de votre document HTML
  • Elle aide les navigateurs à comprendre quelle version d'HTML vous utilisez
  • Pour le développement web moderne, utilisez <!DOCTYPE html> pour HTML5
  • La déclaration n'est pas une balise HTML ; c'est une instruction pour le navigateur

Ajouter la balise racine HTML et la structure de base

Dans cette étape, vous apprendrez la structure fondamentale d'un document HTML, en vous concentrant sur la balise racine HTML et la structure de base du document. La balise <html> est le conteneur de tous les autres éléments HTML et sert d'élément racine d'une page HTML.

Ouvrez le fichier index.html que vous avez créé à l'étape précédente dans le WebIDE. Développons la structure HTML précédente en ajoutant la balise racine complète et ses composants essentiels :

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <title>My First HTML Page</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Welcome to HTML Structure</h1>
    <p>This is the basic structure of an HTML document.</p>
  </body>
</html>

Décortiquons les composants clés :

  1. Balise <html> : L'élément racine qui englobe tout le reste du contenu HTML
  2. Attribut lang="en" : Spécifie la langue du document (anglais dans ce cas)
  3. Deux éléments enfants principaux :
    • <head> : Contient les métadonnées du document
    • <body> : Contient le contenu visible de la page web

Le résultat affiché dans un navigateur web ressemblerait à ceci :

Welcome to HTML Structure
This is the basic structure of an HTML document.

Points clés à retenir :

  • Chaque document HTML doit avoir une balise racine <html>
  • L'attribut lang aide à l'accessibilité et à l'optimisation pour les moteurs de recherche
  • Le document est divisé en sections <head> et <body>
  • Un encastrement correct des balises est crucial pour un HTML valide

Configurer la section avec des balises et </h2> <p data-line="2">Dans cette étape, vous apprendrez à propos de la section <code><head></code> d'un document HTML et à utiliser les balises <code><meta></code> et <code><title></code> pour fournir des informations importantes sur votre page web.</p> <p data-line="4">Ouvrez votre fichier <code>index.html</code> dans le WebIDE et mettez à jour la section <code><head></code> avec l'exemple suivant :</p> <pre data-line="6"><code class="language-html" language=html><span class="code-block"><!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <meta name="description" content="A simple HTML learning page" /> <title>My HTML Learning Journey</title> </head> <body> <h1>Welcome to HTML Metadata</h1> <p>This page demonstrates head section configuration.</p> </body> </html></span></code></pre> <p data-line="22">Décortiquons les principales balises <code><meta></code> et leurs objectifs :</p> <ol data-line="24"> <li><code><meta charset="UTF-8"></code> : Spécifie l'encodage des caractères du document</li> <li><code><meta name="viewport"></code> : Garantit un affichage correct sur différents appareils</li> <li><code><meta name="description"></code> : Fournit une brève description de la page pour les moteurs de recherche</li> <li><code><title></code> : Définit le titre de la page affiché dans l'onglet du navigateur</li> </ol> <p data-line="29">Exemple de résultat dans un onglet de navigateur :</p> <pre data-line="31"><code class="language-" language=><span class="code-block">My HTML Learning Journey</span></code></pre> <p data-line="35">Points clés à retenir :</p> <ul data-line="37"> <li>La section <code><head></code> contient les métadonnées du document HTML</li> <li>Les balises <code><meta></code> fournissent des informations supplémentaires aux navigateurs et aux moteurs de recherche</li> <li>La balise <code><title></code> est cruciale pour l'identification de la page et le référencement SEO</li> <li>Toujours inclure les balises <code><meta></code> d'encodage des caractères et de la vue (viewport)</li> </ul> </article></div><!----><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--><!--[--><div class="pt-24 -mt-20 relative -z-10 anchor-item" id="comprendre-les-balises-html-simples-et-doubles" data-v-21a317ea></div><div id="md-position-4" class="md-editor md-editor-previewOnly" style="background-color:transparent;" data-v-21a317ea><!--[--><div id="md-position-4-preview-wrapper" class="md-editor-preview-wrapper"><article id="md-position-4-preview" class="md-editor-preview default-theme"><h2 data-line="0" id="Comprendre les balises HTML simples et doubles">Comprendre les balises HTML simples et doubles</h2> <p data-line="2">Dans cette étape, vous apprendrez les deux types de balises HTML : les balises simples (auto-fermantes) et les balises doubles. Comprendre la différence entre ces balises est crucial pour créer des documents HTML bien structurés.</p> <p data-line="4">Ouvrez votre fichier <code>index.html</code> dans le WebIDE et mettez à jour la section <code><body></code> avec l'exemple suivant :</p> <pre data-line="6"><code class="language-html" language=html><span class="code-block"><!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <title>HTML Tags Exploration</title> </head> <body> <!-- Double Tags (Opening and Closing) --> <h1>Welcome to HTML Tags</h1> <p>This is a paragraph with <strong>bold text</strong>.</p> <!-- Single (Self-Closing) Tags --> <img src="example.jpg" alt="Example Image" /> <br /> <input type="text" placeholder="Enter your name" /> </body> </html></span></code></pre> <p data-line="26">Décortiquons les différents types de balises :</p> <p data-line="28">Balises doubles (balises appariées) :</p> <ul data-line="30"> <li>Ont une balise ouvrante <code><tag></code> et une balise fermante <code></tag></code></li> <li>Le contenu est placé entre les balises ouvrante et fermante</li> <li>Exemples : <code><h1></code>, <code><p></code>, <code><strong></code>, <code><div></code></li> </ul> <p data-line="34">Balises simples (balises auto-fermantes) :</p> <ul data-line="36"> <li>N'ont pas de balise fermante distincte</li> <li>Se ferment elles-mêmes à l'intérieur de la balise</li> <li>Exemples : <code><img></code>, <code><br></code>, <code><input></code></li> </ul> <p data-line="40">Le résultat affiché dans un navigateur serait le suivant :</p> <pre data-line="42"><code class="language-" language=><span class="code-block">Welcome to HTML Tags This is a paragraph with bold text. [Une image serait affichée ici] [Un champ de saisie de texte serait affiché]</span></code></pre> <figure><img src="/cdn-cgi/image/format=auto,quality=60,onerror=redirect/https://file.labex.io/namespace/df87b950-1f37-4316-bc07-6537a1f2c481/web/lab-create-basic-html-structure-and-tags/fr/../assets/20250110-10-53-27-6sPaawNK.png" alt="Exemple de résultat avec des balises HTML" class="md-zoom"></figure> <p data-line="51">Points clés à retenir :</p> <ul data-line="53"> <li>Les balises doubles entourent le contenu et nécessitent à la fois une balise ouvrante et une balise fermante</li> <li>Les balises simples sont autonomes et n'entourent pas de contenu</li> <li>Toujours fermer les balises doubles pour maintenir une structure HTML correcte</li> <li>Certaines balises simples peuvent avoir des attributs pour fournir des informations supplémentaires</li> </ul> </article></div><!----><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--><!--[--><div class="pt-24 -mt-20 relative -z-10 anchor-item" id="explorer-la-balise-%3Cbody%3E-et-le-placement-du-contenu-de-la-page" data-v-21a317ea></div><div id="md-position-5" class="md-editor md-editor-previewOnly" style="background-color:transparent;" data-v-21a317ea><!--[--><div id="md-position-5-preview-wrapper" class="md-editor-preview-wrapper"><article id="md-position-5-preview" class="md-editor-preview default-theme"><h2 data-line="0" id="Explorer la balise <body> et le placement du contenu de la page">Explorer la balise <body> et le placement du contenu de la page</h2> <p data-line="2">Dans cette étape, vous apprendrez à propos de la balise <code><body></code> et à structurer le contenu au sein d'un document HTML. La balise <code><body></code> est l'endroit où tout le contenu visible d'une page web est placé.</p> <p data-line="4">Ouvrez votre fichier <code>index.html</code> dans le WebIDE et mettez à jour la section <code><body></code> avec l'exemple suivant :</p> <pre data-line="6"><code class="language-html" language=html><span class="code-block"><!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <title>Content Placement Example</title> </head> <body> <!-- Headings --> <h1>Welcome to HTML Content Placement</h1> <h2>Subheading Level 2</h2> <h3>Subheading Level 3</h3> <!-- Paragraphs --> <p>This is a paragraph explaining the importance of content structure.</p> <!-- Lists --> <h4>Key HTML Elements:</h4> <ul> <li>Headings</li> <li>Paragraphs</li> <li>Lists</li> </ul> <!-- Div for grouping content --> <div> <p>This paragraph is inside a div container.</p> </div> <!-- Links and Images --> <a href="https://example.com">Visit Example Website</a> <img src="example.jpg" alt="Example Image" width="300" /> </body> </html></span></code></pre> <p data-line="42">Le résultat affiché dans un navigateur serait le suivant :</p> <figure><img src="/cdn-cgi/image/format=auto,quality=60,onerror=redirect/https://file.labex.io/namespace/df87b950-1f37-4316-bc07-6537a1f2c481/web/lab-create-basic-html-structure-and-tags/fr/../assets/20250113-15-36-31-2tbySUGL.png" alt="Exemple de résultat du placement du contenu HTML" class="md-zoom"></figure> <p data-line="46">Points clés à retenir :</p> <ul data-line="48"> <li>La balise <code><body></code> contient tout le contenu visible de la page</li> <li>Utilisez les balises de titre (<code><h1></code> à <code><h6></code>) pour créer une hiérarchie de contenu</li> <li>Les paragraphes, les listes et autres éléments aident à organiser les informations</li> <li>Les balises <code><div></code> peuvent regrouper et structurer le contenu</li> <li>Incluez des liens et des images pour améliorer l'interactivité de la page</li> </ul> </article></div><!----><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--><!--[--><div class="pt-24 -mt-20 relative -z-10 anchor-item" id="r%C3%A9sum%C3%A9" data-v-21a317ea></div><div id="md-position-6" class="md-editor md-editor-previewOnly" style="background-color:transparent;" data-v-21a317ea><!--[--><div id="md-position-6-preview-wrapper" class="md-editor-preview-wrapper"><article id="md-position-6-preview" class="md-editor-preview default-theme"><h2 data-line="0" id="Résumé">Résumé</h2> <p data-line="2">Dans ce laboratoire (lab), les participants ont appris les étapes fondamentales de la création d'une structure de base de document HTML. Le processus a commencé par la configuration de la déclaration DOCTYPE, qui est essentielle pour garantir un affichage correct dans le navigateur et la compatibilité avec HTML5. Les apprenants ont exploré les balises HTML essentielles, notamment la balise racine <code><html></code>, les sections <code><head></code> et <code><body></code>, en comprenant leurs rôles spécifiques dans l'organisation du document.</p> <p data-line="4">Le laboratoire a guidé les étudiants dans la création d'un document HTML complet, en montrant comment ajouter des balises <code><meta></code>, définir l'encodage des caractères, définir un titre de page et placer le contenu dans la balise <code><body></code>. Les participants ont acquis une expérience pratique dans la construction d'une page HTML bien structurée, en apprenant des concepts clés tels que les balises HTML simples et doubles, l'imbrication correcte des balises et l'importance de la mise en forme sémantique dans le développement web.</p> </article></div><!----><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--><!--]--></div><span></span></div><div class="w-40 hidden lg:block shrink-0 sticky top-24"><div id="tutorial-detail-sidebar"><div class="mb-10"><!--[--><p class="text-xs font-bold uppercase mt-10">partager</p><div class="flex gap-2 mt-5"><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-sm gap-x-1.5 p-1.5 shadow-sm dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 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disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/shell"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->Shell<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/nmap"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->Nmap<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/wireshark"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->Wireshark<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/hydra"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->Hydra<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/java"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->Java<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/sqlite"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->SQLite<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/postgresql"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->PostgreSQL<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/mysql"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->MySQL<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/redis"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->Redis<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/mongodb"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->MongoDB<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/go"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->Golang<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/cpp"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->C++<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/c"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->C<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/jenkins"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->Jenkins<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/ansible"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->Ansible<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/pandas"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->Pandas<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/numpy"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->NumPy<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/sklearn"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->scikit-learn<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/matplotlib"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->Matplotlib<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/webdev"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->Développement web<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/css"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->CSS<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/javascript"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->JavaScript<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--[--><a class="focus:outline-none disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-75 flex-shrink-0 font-medium rounded-md text-xs gap-x-1.5 px-2.5 py-1.5 dark:text-gray-900 disabled:bg-primary-500 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:hover:bg-primary-500 dark:disabled:bg-primary-400 focus-visible:outline focus-visible:outline-2 focus-visible:outline-offset-2 focus-visible:outline-primary-500 dark:focus-visible:outline-primary-400 inline-flex items-center text-gray-800 bg-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-300 shadow-none" href="/fr/tutorials/category/react"><!--[--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--[-->React<!--]--><!--[--><!----><!--]--><!--]--></a><!--]--><!--]--></div></div></div></div><div class="py-20"><div class="flex items-center align-center text-center w-full flex-row"><div class="flex border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-800 w-full border-t border-solid"></div><!--[--><div class="font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200 flex mx-3 whitespace-nowrap"><!--[--><span class="text-2xl">Connexe <a href="/learn/html" class="">HTML Cours</a></span><!--]--></div><div class="flex border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-800 w-full border-t border-solid"></div><!--]--></div><div class="grid grid-cols-12 gap-6 mt-10"><!--[--><div class="col-span-12 sm:col-span-6 lg:col-span-4"><a href="/fr/courses/html-for-beginners" class="course-card" data-v-784b32aa><div class="text-gray-800 bg-white overflow-hidden rounded-md shadow l-hover-shadow l-hover-translate-y" data-v-784b32aa><div class="relative l-bg-divider overflow-hidden course-image" data-v-784b32aa><div class="overflow-hidden cover course undefined" data-v-784b32aa data-v-1737ff8a><img src="/cdn-cgi/image/width=1130,height=582,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/html-for-beginners.png?lang=fr" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" width="525" height="270" alt="HTML pour débutants" loading="lazy" data-nuxt-img sizes="(max-width: 767px) 100vw, (max-width: 991px) 50vw, (max-width: 1199px) 33vw, 25vw" srcset="/cdn-cgi/image/width=300,height=154,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/html-for-beginners.png?lang=fr 300w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=327,height=168,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/html-for-beginners.png?lang=fr 327w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=384,height=197,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/html-for-beginners.png?lang=fr 384w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=565,height=291,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/html-for-beginners.png?lang=fr 565w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=600,height=308,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/html-for-beginners.png?lang=fr 600w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=654,height=336,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/html-for-beginners.png?lang=fr 654w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=768,height=394,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/html-for-beginners.png?lang=fr 768w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=1130,height=582,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/html-for-beginners.png?lang=fr 1130w" class="w-full h-auto" fetchpriority="auto" data-v-1737ff8a></div></div><div class="p-3" data-v-784b32aa><p class="h-14 text-xl font-semibold line-clamp-2 mb-4" data-v-784b32aa><span data-v-784b32aa>HTML pour débutants</span></p><div class="flex items-center fs-0" data-v-784b32aa><div class="flex-auto truncate overflow-hidden" data-v-784b32aa><!--[--><span class="inline-flex items-center font-medium text-xs px-1.5 py-0.5 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:text-gray-900 text-gray-800 bg-white ring-1 ring-inset ring-gray-800 rounded-full me-2" data-v-784b32aa><!--[-->html<!--]--></span><span class="inline-flex items-center font-medium text-xs px-1.5 py-0.5 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:text-gray-900 text-gray-800 bg-white ring-1 ring-inset ring-gray-800 rounded-full me-2" data-v-784b32aa><!--[-->web-development<!--]--></span><!--]--></div></div></div></div></a></div><div class="col-span-12 sm:col-span-6 lg:col-span-4"><a href="/fr/courses/project-build-a-tic-tac-toe-web-app" class="course-card" data-v-784b32aa><div class="text-gray-800 bg-white overflow-hidden rounded-md shadow l-hover-shadow l-hover-translate-y" data-v-784b32aa><div class="relative l-bg-divider overflow-hidden course-image" data-v-784b32aa><div class="overflow-hidden cover course undefined" data-v-784b32aa data-v-1737ff8a><img src="/cdn-cgi/image/width=1130,height=582,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-build-a-tic-tac-toe-web-app.png?lang=fr" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" width="525" height="270" alt="Construire une application web Tic-Tac-Toe" loading="lazy" data-nuxt-img sizes="(max-width: 767px) 100vw, (max-width: 991px) 50vw, (max-width: 1199px) 33vw, 25vw" srcset="/cdn-cgi/image/width=300,height=154,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-build-a-tic-tac-toe-web-app.png?lang=fr 300w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=327,height=168,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-build-a-tic-tac-toe-web-app.png?lang=fr 327w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=384,height=197,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-build-a-tic-tac-toe-web-app.png?lang=fr 384w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=565,height=291,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-build-a-tic-tac-toe-web-app.png?lang=fr 565w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=600,height=308,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-build-a-tic-tac-toe-web-app.png?lang=fr 600w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=654,height=336,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-build-a-tic-tac-toe-web-app.png?lang=fr 654w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=768,height=394,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-build-a-tic-tac-toe-web-app.png?lang=fr 768w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=1130,height=582,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-build-a-tic-tac-toe-web-app.png?lang=fr 1130w" class="w-full h-auto" fetchpriority="auto" data-v-1737ff8a></div></div><div class="p-3" data-v-784b32aa><p class="h-14 text-xl font-semibold line-clamp-2 mb-4" data-v-784b32aa><span data-v-784b32aa>Construire une application web Tic-Tac-Toe</span></p><div class="flex items-center fs-0" data-v-784b32aa><div class="flex-auto truncate overflow-hidden" data-v-784b32aa><!--[--><span class="inline-flex items-center font-medium text-xs px-1.5 py-0.5 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:text-gray-900 text-gray-800 bg-white ring-1 ring-inset ring-gray-800 rounded-full me-2" data-v-784b32aa><!--[-->javascript<!--]--></span><span class="inline-flex items-center font-medium text-xs px-1.5 py-0.5 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:text-gray-900 text-gray-800 bg-white ring-1 ring-inset ring-gray-800 rounded-full me-2" data-v-784b32aa><!--[-->web-development<!--]--></span><!--]--></div></div></div></div></a></div><div class="col-span-12 sm:col-span-6 lg:col-span-4"><a href="/fr/courses/project-creating-a-whack-a-mole-web-game" class="course-card" data-v-784b32aa><div class="text-gray-800 bg-white overflow-hidden rounded-md shadow l-hover-shadow l-hover-translate-y" data-v-784b32aa><div class="relative l-bg-divider overflow-hidden course-image" data-v-784b32aa><div class="overflow-hidden cover course undefined" data-v-784b32aa data-v-1737ff8a><img src="/cdn-cgi/image/width=1130,height=582,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-creating-a-whack-a-mole-web-game.png?lang=fr" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" width="525" height="270" alt="Création d'un jeu web de Tapez - le - taupe" loading="lazy" data-nuxt-img sizes="(max-width: 767px) 100vw, (max-width: 991px) 50vw, (max-width: 1199px) 33vw, 25vw" srcset="/cdn-cgi/image/width=300,height=154,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-creating-a-whack-a-mole-web-game.png?lang=fr 300w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=327,height=168,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-creating-a-whack-a-mole-web-game.png?lang=fr 327w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=384,height=197,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-creating-a-whack-a-mole-web-game.png?lang=fr 384w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=565,height=291,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-creating-a-whack-a-mole-web-game.png?lang=fr 565w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=600,height=308,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-creating-a-whack-a-mole-web-game.png?lang=fr 600w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=654,height=336,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-creating-a-whack-a-mole-web-game.png?lang=fr 654w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=768,height=394,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-creating-a-whack-a-mole-web-game.png?lang=fr 768w, /cdn-cgi/image/width=1130,height=582,quality=85,format=auto,onerror=redirect/https://course-cover.labex.io/project-creating-a-whack-a-mole-web-game.png?lang=fr 1130w" class="w-full h-auto" fetchpriority="auto" data-v-1737ff8a></div></div><div class="p-3" data-v-784b32aa><p class="h-14 text-xl font-semibold line-clamp-2 mb-4" data-v-784b32aa><span data-v-784b32aa>Création d'un jeu web de Tapez - le - taupe</span></p><div class="flex items-center fs-0" data-v-784b32aa><div class="flex-auto truncate overflow-hidden" data-v-784b32aa><!--[--><span class="inline-flex items-center font-medium text-xs px-1.5 py-0.5 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:text-gray-900 text-gray-800 bg-white ring-1 ring-inset ring-gray-800 rounded-full me-2" data-v-784b32aa><!--[-->javascript<!--]--></span><span class="inline-flex items-center font-medium text-xs px-1.5 py-0.5 dark:bg-primary-400 dark:text-gray-900 text-gray-800 bg-white ring-1 ring-inset ring-gray-800 rounded-full me-2" data-v-784b32aa><!--[-->web-development<!--]--></span><!--]--></div></div></div></div></a></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div></section><!----></div><!--]--><!--]--><span></span><span></span><footer 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href="https://labex.io/fr/tutorials/kali-online-kali-linux-terminal-and-playground-592935" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="hover:text-white text-gray-400 line-clamp-5">Kali Linux en ligne</a></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-2"><a href="https://labex.io/fr/tutorials/nmap-online-nmap-playground-593613" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="hover:text-white text-gray-400 line-clamp-5">Nmap en ligne</a></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-2"><a href="https://labex.io/fr/tutorials/wireshark-online-wireshark-playground-593624" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="hover:text-white text-gray-400 line-clamp-5">Wireshark en ligne</a></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-2"><a href="https://labex.io/fr/tutorials/mysql-online-mysql-playground-372916" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="hover:text-white text-gray-400 line-clamp-5">MySQL en ligne</a></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-2"><a href="https://labex.io/fr/tutorials/kali-online-postgresql-database-playground-593616" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="hover:text-white text-gray-400 line-clamp-5">PostgreSQL en ligne</a></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-2"><a href="https://labex.io/fr/tutorials/rhel-online-rhel-terminal-rhcsa-and-rhce-exam-playground-592933" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="hover:text-white text-gray-400 line-clamp-5">Simulateur d'examen RHCSA</a></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-2"><a href="https://labex.io/fr/lesson/choosing-a-linux-distribution" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="hover:text-white text-gray-400 line-clamp-5">Meilleure distribution Linux</a></div><!--]--></div><div class="flex flex-col"><div class="text-xl font-medium text-white mb-2">TUTORIELS</div><!--[--><div class="flex flex-col gap-2"><a href="https://labex.io/fr/tutorials/category/linux" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="hover:text-white text-gray-400 line-clamp-5">Tutoriel Linux</a></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-2"><a href="https://labex.io/fr/tutorials/category/docker" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="hover:text-white 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flex-col gap-2"><a href="https://labex.io/fr/tutorials/linux-devops-interview-questions-and-answers-593679" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="hover:text-white text-gray-400 line-clamp-5">Questions d'entretien DevOps</a></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-2"><a href="https://labex.io/fr/tutorials/cybersecurity-cybersecurity-interview-questions-and-answers-593676" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="hover:text-white text-gray-400 line-clamp-5">Questions d'entretien Cybersécurité</a></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-2"><a href="https://labex.io/fr/tutorials/docker-docker-interview-questions-and-answers-593680" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="hover:text-white text-gray-400 line-clamp-5">Questions d'entretien Docker</a></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-2"><a href="https://labex.io/fr/tutorials/linux-linux-interview-questions-and-answers-593689" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="hover:text-white text-gray-400 line-clamp-5">Questions d'entretien Linux</a></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-2"><a href="https://labex.io/fr/tutorials/mongodb-mongodb-interview-questions-and-answers-593692" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="hover:text-white text-gray-400 line-clamp-5">Questions d'entretien MongoDB</a></div><div class="flex flex-col gap-2"><a href="https://labex.io/fr/tutorials/linux-database-interview-questions-and-answers-593677" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="hover:text-white text-gray-400 line-clamp-5">Questions d'entretien Bases de données</a></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><div class="flex flex-wrap justify-center items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-400"><a href="https://support.labex.io" target="_blank" class="hover:text-white">SUPPORT</a><span class="text-gray-600">|</span><a href="mailto:info@labex.io" class="hover:text-white">NOUS CONTACTER</a><span class="text-gray-600">|</span><a href="/fr/forum" class="hover:text-white">FORUM</a><span class="text-gray-600">|</span><a href="/fr/tutorials" class="hover:text-white">TUTORIELS</a><span 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content.",{"key":237,"name":238,"desc":239},"html","HTML","",{"key":241,"name":242,"desc":243},"html/BasicStructureGroup","Basic Structure","Basic Structure covers the fundamental elements and declarations necessary for creating the basic structure of an HTML document. It includes basic elements, head elements, character encoding, language declaration, and viewport declaration.",{"key":245,"name":246,"desc":247,"project":248,"group":249},"html/head_elems","Head Elements","Head elements like \u003Cmeta>, \u003Clink>, and \u003Cscript> are used to define metadata, link external resources, and include scripts in the document's head section.",{"key":237,"name":238,"desc":239},{"key":241,"name":242,"desc":243},{"key":251,"name":252,"desc":253,"project":254,"group":255},"html/charset","Character Encoding","Character encoding, specified with \u003Cmeta charset>, determines how characters are represented in the document, ensuring proper text rendering.",{"key":237,"name":238,"desc":239},{"key":241,"name":242,"desc":243},{"key":257,"name":258,"desc":259,"project":260,"group":261},"html/lang_decl","Language Declaration","The \u003Chtml> tag's 'lang' attribute declares the language of the document, aiding in accessibility and proper rendering for different languages.",{"key":237,"name":238,"desc":239},{"key":241,"name":242,"desc":243},{"key":263,"name":264,"desc":265,"project":266,"group":267},"html/viewport","Viewport Declaration","Viewport declarations using the \u003Cmeta viewport> tag help control how the web page is displayed on various devices, enhancing responsiveness.",{"key":237,"name":238,"desc":239},{"key":241,"name":242,"desc":243},{"key":269,"name":270,"desc":271,"project":272,"group":273},"html/text_head","Text and Headings","HTML provides tags like \u003Cp>, \u003Ch1> to \u003Ch6>, and \u003Cspan> for organizing and formatting text, including headings of various levels.",{"key":237,"name":238,"desc":239},{"key":274,"name":275,"desc":276},"html/TextContentandFormattingGroup","Text Content and Formatting","Text Content and Formatting focuses on working with text content, headings, paragraphs, lists, quotations, and text direction in HTML documents.",{"key":278,"name":279,"desc":280,"project":281,"group":282},"html/doc_flow","Document Flow Understanding","Understanding the natural document flow and display properties of HTML elements is essential for creating cohesive and responsive layouts.",{"key":237,"name":238,"desc":239},{"key":283,"name":284,"desc":285},"html/LayoutandSectioningGroup","Layout and Sectioning","Layout and Sectioning focuses on layout-related HTML elements, navigation, document flow, and considerations for effective web page structure.",{"key":287,"name":288,"desc":289,"project":290,"group":291},"html/inter_elems","Interactive and Dynamic Elements","Interactive and dynamic elements, such as \u003Ciframe>, \u003Caudio>, \u003Cvideo>, and \u003Ccanvas>, enable the creation of engaging and interactive web content that responds to user actions.",{"key":237,"name":238,"desc":239},{"key":292,"name":293,"desc":294},"html/AdvancedElementsGroup","Advanced Elements","Advanced Elements covers advanced HTML elements and features, including custom data attributes, accessibility considerations, and HTML templating.","web/lab-create-basic-html-structure-and-tags","html-create-basic-html-structure-and-tags-451029","https://icons.labex.io/create-basic-html-structure-and-tags.png",true,"Apprenez à créer une structure de base de document HTML, à comprendre les balises HTML essentielles et à construire une page web de base avec une mise en forme sémantique appropriée.",4,"HTML, développement web, balises HTML, structure de document, DOCTYPE, balises meta, HTML5",[303,304,305,306,307,308,309,310,311],"zh","es","fr","de","ja","ru","ko","pt","en","labex-labs/labs",[314,318,323,326,330,333,337],{"position":226,"title":315,"layout":316,"text":317,"need_verify":229,"has_solution":229},"Introduction","doc-fullscreen","## Introduction\n\nDans ce laboratoire (lab), les étudiants apprendront les compétences fondamentales pour créer une structure de document HTML de base et comprendre les balises HTML essentielles. Le laboratoire guide les participants dans la configuration d'un document HTML avec une déclaration DOCTYPE appropriée, l'ajout de la balise racine HTML, la configuration de la section `\u003Chead>` et l'exploration de différents types de balises HTML.\n\nLes participants commenceront par créer un document HTML5, apprendre à déclarer le type de document, structurer la mise en page de base de la page et comprendre le but d'éléments clés tels que `\u003Chtml>`, `\u003Chead>` et `\u003Cbody>`. À la fin du laboratoire, les étudiants auront une compréhension complète de la création d'un document HTML bien formé et de l'utilisation de diverses balises HTML pour structurer le contenu des pages web.\n",{"position":319,"title":320,"layout":321,"text":322,"need_verify":298,"has_solution":229},1,"Configurer le document HTML avec la déclaration DOCTYPE","doc-workbench-split","## Configurer le document HTML avec la déclaration DOCTYPE\n\nDans cette étape, vous apprendrez à configurer les bases d'un document HTML en ajoutant la déclaration DOCTYPE. La déclaration DOCTYPE est cruciale car elle indique aux navigateurs web quelle version d'HTML votre document utilise, garantissant un affichage correct et une compatibilité.\n\nTout d'abord, ouvrez le WebIDE et créez un nouveau fichier appelé `index.html` dans le répertoire `~/project`.\n\nLa déclaration DOCTYPE pour HTML5 est simple et directe. Vous l'ajouterez comme première ligne de votre document HTML :\n\n```html\n\u003C!doctype html>\n```\n\nCette déclaration indique aux navigateurs que vous utilisez HTML5, la dernière version d'HTML. Elle ne respecte pas la casse, mais la version en minuscules est recommandée pour la cohérence et la lisibilité.\n\nCréons une structure complète de document HTML de base avec la déclaration DOCTYPE :\n\n```html\n\u003C!doctype html>\n\u003Chtml lang=\"en\">\n \u003Chead>\n \u003Cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\" />\n \u003Ctitle>My First HTML Page\u003C/title>\n \u003C/head>\n \u003Cbody>\n \u003Ch1>Welcome to HTML!\u003C/h1>\n \u003C/body>\n\u003C/html>\n```\n\n![Structure du document HTML](https://file.labex.io/namespace/df87b950-1f37-4316-bc07-6537a1f2c481/web/lab-create-basic-html-structure-and-tags/fr/../assets/20250110-10-11-33-jardiBc9.png)\n\n> Notes : En savoir plus sur [Comment prévisualiser des fichiers HTML dans le WebIDE](https://support.labex.io/en/labex-vm/webide#preview-html).\n\nLe résultat affiché dans le navigateur serait le suivant :\n\n```\nWelcome to HTML!\n```\n\nPoints clés à retenir :\n\n- La déclaration DOCTYPE doit être la première ligne de votre document HTML\n- Elle aide les navigateurs à comprendre quelle version d'HTML vous utilisez\n- Pour le développement web moderne, utilisez `\u003C!DOCTYPE html>` pour HTML5\n- La déclaration n'est pas une balise HTML ; c'est une instruction pour le navigateur\n",{"position":225,"title":324,"layout":321,"text":325,"need_verify":298,"has_solution":229},"Ajouter la balise racine HTML et la structure de base","## Ajouter la balise racine HTML et la structure de base\n\nDans cette étape, vous apprendrez la structure fondamentale d'un document HTML, en vous concentrant sur la balise racine HTML et la structure de base du document. La balise `\u003Chtml>` est le conteneur de tous les autres éléments HTML et sert d'élément racine d'une page HTML.\n\nOuvrez le fichier `index.html` que vous avez créé à l'étape précédente dans le WebIDE. Développons la structure HTML précédente en ajoutant la balise racine complète et ses composants essentiels :\n\n```html\n\u003C!doctype html>\n\u003Chtml lang=\"en\">\n \u003Chead>\n \u003Cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\" />\n \u003Ctitle>My First HTML Page\u003C/title>\n \u003C/head>\n \u003Cbody>\n \u003Ch1>Welcome to HTML Structure\u003C/h1>\n \u003Cp>This is the basic structure of an HTML document.\u003C/p>\n \u003C/body>\n\u003C/html>\n```\n\nDécortiquons les composants clés :\n\n1. Balise `\u003Chtml>` : L'élément racine qui englobe tout le reste du contenu HTML\n2. Attribut `lang=\"en\"` : Spécifie la langue du document (anglais dans ce cas)\n3. Deux éléments enfants principaux :\n - `\u003Chead>` : Contient les métadonnées du document\n - `\u003Cbody>` : Contient le contenu visible de la page web\n\nLe résultat affiché dans un navigateur web ressemblerait à ceci :\n\n```\nWelcome to HTML Structure\nThis is the basic structure of an HTML document.\n```\n\nPoints clés à retenir :\n\n- Chaque document HTML doit avoir une balise racine `\u003Chtml>`\n- L'attribut `lang` aide à l'accessibilité et à l'optimisation pour les moteurs de recherche\n- Le document est divisé en sections `\u003Chead>` et `\u003Cbody>`\n- Un encastrement correct des balises est crucial pour un HTML valide\n",{"position":327,"title":328,"layout":321,"text":329,"need_verify":298,"has_solution":229},3,"Configurer la section \u003Chead> avec des balises \u003Cmeta> et \u003Ctitle>","## Configurer la section \u003Chead> avec des balises \u003Cmeta> et \u003Ctitle>\n\nDans cette étape, vous apprendrez à propos de la section `\u003Chead>` d'un document HTML et à utiliser les balises `\u003Cmeta>` et `\u003Ctitle>` pour fournir des informations importantes sur votre page web.\n\nOuvrez votre fichier `index.html` dans le WebIDE et mettez à jour la section `\u003Chead>` avec l'exemple suivant :\n\n```html\n\u003C!doctype html>\n\u003Chtml lang=\"en\">\n \u003Chead>\n \u003Cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\" />\n \u003Cmeta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0\" />\n \u003Cmeta name=\"description\" content=\"A simple HTML learning page\" />\n \u003Ctitle>My HTML Learning Journey\u003C/title>\n \u003C/head>\n \u003Cbody>\n \u003Ch1>Welcome to HTML Metadata\u003C/h1>\n \u003Cp>This page demonstrates head section configuration.\u003C/p>\n \u003C/body>\n\u003C/html>\n```\n\nDécortiquons les principales balises `\u003Cmeta>` et leurs objectifs :\n\n1. `\u003Cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\">` : Spécifie l'encodage des caractères du document\n2. `\u003Cmeta name=\"viewport\">` : Garantit un affichage correct sur différents appareils\n3. `\u003Cmeta name=\"description\">` : Fournit une brève description de la page pour les moteurs de recherche\n4. `\u003Ctitle>` : Définit le titre de la page affiché dans l'onglet du navigateur\n\nExemple de résultat dans un onglet de navigateur :\n\n```\nMy HTML Learning Journey\n```\n\nPoints clés à retenir :\n\n- La section `\u003Chead>` contient les métadonnées du document HTML\n- Les balises `\u003Cmeta>` fournissent des informations supplémentaires aux navigateurs et aux moteurs de recherche\n- La balise `\u003Ctitle>` est cruciale pour l'identification de la page et le référencement SEO\n- Toujours inclure les balises `\u003Cmeta>` d'encodage des caractères et de la vue (viewport)\n",{"position":300,"title":331,"layout":321,"text":332,"need_verify":298,"has_solution":229},"Comprendre les balises HTML simples et doubles","## Comprendre les balises HTML simples et doubles\n\nDans cette étape, vous apprendrez les deux types de balises HTML : les balises simples (auto-fermantes) et les balises doubles. Comprendre la différence entre ces balises est crucial pour créer des documents HTML bien structurés.\n\nOuvrez votre fichier `index.html` dans le WebIDE et mettez à jour la section `\u003Cbody>` avec l'exemple suivant :\n\n```html\n\u003C!doctype html>\n\u003Chtml lang=\"en\">\n \u003Chead>\n \u003Cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\" />\n \u003Ctitle>HTML Tags Exploration\u003C/title>\n \u003C/head>\n \u003Cbody>\n \u003C!-- Double Tags (Opening and Closing) -->\n \u003Ch1>Welcome to HTML Tags\u003C/h1>\n \u003Cp>This is a paragraph with \u003Cstrong>bold text\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\n\n \u003C!-- Single (Self-Closing) Tags -->\n \u003Cimg src=\"example.jpg\" alt=\"Example Image\" />\n \u003Cbr />\n \u003Cinput type=\"text\" placeholder=\"Enter your name\" />\n \u003C/body>\n\u003C/html>\n```\n\nDécortiquons les différents types de balises :\n\nBalises doubles (balises appariées) :\n\n- Ont une balise ouvrante `\u003Ctag>` et une balise fermante `\u003C/tag>`\n- Le contenu est placé entre les balises ouvrante et fermante\n- Exemples : `\u003Ch1>`, `\u003Cp>`, `\u003Cstrong>`, `\u003Cdiv>`\n\nBalises simples (balises auto-fermantes) :\n\n- N'ont pas de balise fermante distincte\n- Se ferment elles-mêmes à l'intérieur de la balise\n- Exemples : `\u003Cimg>`, `\u003Cbr>`, `\u003Cinput>`\n\nLe résultat affiché dans un navigateur serait le suivant :\n\n```\nWelcome to HTML Tags\nThis is a paragraph with bold text.\n[Une image serait affichée ici]\n[Un champ de saisie de texte serait affiché]\n```\n\n![Exemple de résultat avec des balises HTML](https://file.labex.io/namespace/df87b950-1f37-4316-bc07-6537a1f2c481/web/lab-create-basic-html-structure-and-tags/fr/../assets/20250110-10-53-27-6sPaawNK.png)\n\nPoints clés à retenir :\n\n- Les balises doubles entourent le contenu et nécessitent à la fois une balise ouvrante et une balise fermante\n- Les balises simples sont autonomes et n'entourent pas de contenu\n- Toujours fermer les balises doubles pour maintenir une structure HTML correcte\n- Certaines balises simples peuvent avoir des attributs pour fournir des informations supplémentaires\n",{"position":334,"title":335,"layout":321,"text":336,"need_verify":298,"has_solution":229},5,"Explorer la balise \u003Cbody> et le placement du contenu de la page","## Explorer la balise \u003Cbody> et le placement du contenu de la page\n\nDans cette étape, vous apprendrez à propos de la balise `\u003Cbody>` et à structurer le contenu au sein d'un document HTML. La balise `\u003Cbody>` est l'endroit où tout le contenu visible d'une page web est placé.\n\nOuvrez votre fichier `index.html` dans le WebIDE et mettez à jour la section `\u003Cbody>` avec l'exemple suivant :\n\n```html\n\u003C!doctype html>\n\u003Chtml lang=\"en\">\n \u003Chead>\n \u003Cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\" />\n \u003Ctitle>Content Placement Example\u003C/title>\n \u003C/head>\n \u003Cbody>\n \u003C!-- Headings -->\n \u003Ch1>Welcome to HTML Content Placement\u003C/h1>\n \u003Ch2>Subheading Level 2\u003C/h2>\n \u003Ch3>Subheading Level 3\u003C/h3>\n\n \u003C!-- Paragraphs -->\n \u003Cp>This is a paragraph explaining the importance of content structure.\u003C/p>\n\n \u003C!-- Lists -->\n \u003Ch4>Key HTML Elements:\u003C/h4>\n \u003Cul>\n \u003Cli>Headings\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Paragraphs\u003C/li>\n \u003Cli>Lists\u003C/li>\n \u003C/ul>\n\n \u003C!-- Div for grouping content -->\n \u003Cdiv>\n \u003Cp>This paragraph is inside a div container.\u003C/p>\n \u003C/div>\n\n \u003C!-- Links and Images -->\n \u003Ca href=\"https://example.com\">Visit Example Website\u003C/a>\n \u003Cimg src=\"example.jpg\" alt=\"Example Image\" width=\"300\" />\n \u003C/body>\n\u003C/html>\n```\n\nLe résultat affiché dans un navigateur serait le suivant :\n\n![Exemple de résultat du placement du contenu HTML](https://file.labex.io/namespace/df87b950-1f37-4316-bc07-6537a1f2c481/web/lab-create-basic-html-structure-and-tags/fr/../assets/20250113-15-36-31-2tbySUGL.png)\n\nPoints clés à retenir :\n\n- La balise `\u003Cbody>` contient tout le contenu visible de la page\n- Utilisez les balises de titre (`\u003Ch1>` à `\u003Ch6>`) pour créer une hiérarchie de contenu\n- Les paragraphes, les listes et autres éléments aident à organiser les informations\n- Les balises `\u003Cdiv>` peuvent regrouper et structurer le contenu\n- Incluez des liens et des images pour améliorer l'interactivité de la page\n",{"position":338,"title":339,"layout":316,"text":340,"need_verify":229,"has_solution":229},6,"Résumé","## Résumé\n\nDans ce laboratoire (lab), les participants ont appris les étapes fondamentales de la création d'une structure de base de document HTML. Le processus a commencé par la configuration de la déclaration DOCTYPE, qui est essentielle pour garantir un affichage correct dans le navigateur et la compatibilité avec HTML5. Les apprenants ont exploré les balises HTML essentielles, notamment la balise racine `\u003Chtml>`, les sections `\u003Chead>` et `\u003Cbody>`, en comprenant leurs rôles spécifiques dans l'organisation du document.\n\nLe laboratoire a guidé les étudiants dans la création d'un document HTML complet, en montrant comment ajouter des balises `\u003Cmeta>`, définir l'encodage des caractères, définir un titre de page et placer le contenu dans la balise `\u003Cbody>`. Les participants ont acquis une expérience pratique dans la construction d'une page HTML bien structurée, en apprenant des concepts clés tels que les balises HTML simples et doubles, l'imbrication correcte des balises et l'importance de la mise en forme sémantique dans le développement web.\n",[342],{"name":238,"alias":237},{"paths":344},[345,348,351,354,357,360,363,366,369,372,375,378,381,384,387,390,393,396,399,402,405,408,411,414,417,420,423,426,429,432,435,438,441,444,447,448,451,454],{"alias":346,"name":347},"linux","Linux",{"alias":349,"name":350},"devops","DevOps",{"alias":352,"name":353},"cybersecurity","Cybersécurité",{"alias":355,"name":356},"kali","Kali Linux",{"alias":358,"name":359},"devops-engineer","DevOps Engineer",{"alias":361,"name":362},"cybersecurity-engineer","Cybersecurity Engineer",{"alias":364,"name":365},"database","Base de données",{"alias":367,"name":368},"datascience","Science des données",{"alias":370,"name":371},"rhel","Red Hat Enterprise Linux",{"alias":373,"name":374},"comptia","CompTIA",{"alias":376,"name":377},"docker","Docker",{"alias":379,"name":380},"kubernetes","Kubernetes",{"alias":382,"name":383},"python","Python",{"alias":385,"name":386},"git","Git",{"alias":388,"name":389},"shell","Shell",{"alias":391,"name":392},"nmap","Nmap",{"alias":394,"name":395},"wireshark","Wireshark",{"alias":397,"name":398},"hydra","Hydra",{"alias":400,"name":401},"java","Java",{"alias":403,"name":404},"sqlite","SQLite",{"alias":406,"name":407},"postgresql","PostgreSQL",{"alias":409,"name":410},"mysql","MySQL",{"alias":412,"name":413},"redis","Redis",{"alias":415,"name":416},"mongodb","MongoDB",{"alias":418,"name":419},"go","Golang",{"alias":421,"name":422},"cpp","C++",{"alias":424,"name":425},"c","C",{"alias":427,"name":428},"jenkins","Jenkins",{"alias":430,"name":431},"ansible","Ansible",{"alias":433,"name":434},"pandas","Pandas",{"alias":436,"name":437},"numpy","NumPy",{"alias":439,"name":440},"sklearn","scikit-learn",{"alias":442,"name":443},"matplotlib","Matplotlib",{"alias":445,"name":446},"webdev","Développement web",{"alias":237,"name":238},{"alias":449,"name":450},"css","CSS",{"alias":452,"name":453},"javascript","JavaScript",{"alias":455,"name":456},"react","React",{"path":458,"team":857},{"id":459,"alias":237,"name":238,"img_url":460,"course_count":319,"hours":461,"enable_uid":229,"skills_count":462,"is_online":298,"is_followed":229,"has_cert":298,"cert_threshold":463,"skilltree":237,"project_count":464,"category":239,"followers_count":465,"tags":466,"url":239,"description":467,"icon":239,"authors":468,"labs_count":334,"levels":469,"learned_skills_count":226,"is_path_group":229,"groups":839,"meta_title":840,"meta_description":841,"meta_keywords":842,"parent_paths":843,"langs":855,"first_lab_alias":856,"first_course_alias":475},52,"https://file.labex.io/upload/u/1991/eGCPCGgBJ3WY.png",30,28,8000,57,12577,[],"Learn HTML, the cornerstone of web development, with this comprehensive learning path. Designed for beginners, this roadmap provides a structured approach to mastering HTML. The interactive HTML courses cover document structure, tags, and semantic markup. Gain real-world experience by completing hands-on, non-video exercises in a dynamic HTML playground to create well-structured web pages.",[],[470,481],{"level":319,"name":471,"courses":472},"courses",[473],{"id":474,"alias":475,"name":476,"cover":477,"user_count":478,"level":319,"fee_type":226,"lab_coins":226,"tags":479,"type":226,"status":319,"has_cert":298,"hidden":229},9428,"html-for-beginners","HTML for 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Gain free access to expert-led training and hands-on practice in a dynamic environment.\n","Free Labs, LabEx, Interactive Labs, Free Tech Skills, Free Hands-On Practice, Online Learning\n","Free Labs | Interactive Practice in 30+ Tech Fields","Free Labs",{"description":1011,"lang":303,"meta_description":1012,"meta_keywords":1013,"meta_title":1014,"title":1015},"为开发者和学生量身打造的 1000+ 免费互动实验，覆盖 30+ 技术领域。 通过免费实践练习和真实场景，提升您的技能。\n","探索 LabEx 提供的 1000+ 免费互动实验，涵盖 Linux、DevOps、网络安全、数据科学、 Web 开发、机器学习等领域。在动态环境中免费获得专家指导的培训和实践机会。\n","免费实验, LabEx, 互动实验, 免费技术技能, 免费实践练习, 在线学习\n","免费实验 | 30+ 技术领域互动实践","免费实验",{"description":1017,"lang":304,"meta_description":1018,"meta_keywords":1019,"meta_title":1020,"title":1021},"Más de 1000 laboratorios interactivos gratuitos en más de 30 áreas tecnológicas para desarrolladores y estudiantes. 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Erhalte kostenlosen Zugang zu von Experten geleiteten Schulungen und praktischen Übungen in einer dynamischen Umgebung.\n","Kostenlose Labs, LabEx, Interaktive Labs, Kostenlose Technische Fähigkeiten, Kostenlose Praktische Übungen, Online-Lernen\n","Kostenlose Labs | Interaktive Übungen in Über 30 Technologiebereichen","Kostenlose Labs",{"description":1035,"lang":307,"meta_description":1036,"meta_keywords":1037,"meta_title":1038,"title":1039},"開発者や学生向けに、30以上の技術分野をカバーする1000以上の無料インタラクティブなラボ。 無料の実践練習と現実のシナリオでスキルを向上させましょう。\n","LabExの1000以上の無料インタラクティブなラボを、Linux、DevOps、サイバーセキュリティ、 データサイエンス、ウェブ開発、機械学習などで体験。専門家による指導とダイナミックな環境での 無料実践練習を利用できます。\n","無料ラボ, LabEx, インタラクティブなラボ, 無料技術スキル, 無料実践練習, オンライン学習\n","無料ラボ | 30以上の技術分野でインタラクティブな実践","無料ラボ",{"description":1041,"lang":308,"meta_description":1042,"meta_keywords":1043,"meta_title":1044,"title":1045},"Более 1000 бесплатных интерактивных лабораторий в более чем 30 технических областях для разработчиков и студентов. 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