バブルの衝突方法を定義する
BubbleChart クラスには、バブルの衝突をチェックし、衝突したバブルを周りに移動させるメソッドも含まれています。collides_with メソッドは、新しいバブルの位置と他のバブルの位置との間の距離を計算します。距離がゼロ未満の場合、衝突があることを意味し、このメソッドは衝突したバブルのインデックスを返します。collapse メソッドは、バブルを質量中心に向かって移動させ、衝突したバブルの周りを移動させ、plot メソッドはチャート上にバブルを描画します。
def collides_with(self, bubble, bubbles):
distance = self.outline_distance(bubble, bubbles)
idx_min = np.argmin(distance)
return idx_min if type(idx_min) == np.ndarray else [idx_min]
def collapse(self, n_iterations=50):
"""
Move bubbles to the center of mass.
Parameters
----------
n_iterations : int, default: 50
Number of moves to perform.
"""
for _i in range(n_iterations):
moves = 0
for i in range(len(self.bubbles)):
rest_bub = np.delete(self.bubbles, i, 0)
## try to move directly towards the center of mass
## direction vector from bubble to the center of mass
dir_vec = self.com - self.bubbles[i, :2]
## shorten direction vector to have length of 1
dir_vec = dir_vec / np.sqrt(dir_vec.dot(dir_vec))
## calculate new bubble position
new_point = self.bubbles[i, :2] + dir_vec * self.step_dist
new_bubble = np.append(new_point, self.bubbles[i, 2:4])
## check whether new bubble collides with other bubbles
if not self.check_collisions(new_bubble, rest_bub):
self.bubbles[i, :] = new_bubble
self.com = self.center_of_mass()
moves += 1
else:
## try to move around a bubble that you collide with
## find colliding bubble
for colliding in self.collides_with(new_bubble, rest_bub):
## calculate direction vector
dir_vec = rest_bub[colliding, :2] - self.bubbles[i, :2]
dir_vec = dir_vec / np.sqrt(dir_vec.dot(dir_vec))
## calculate orthogonal vector
orth = np.array([dir_vec[1], -dir_vec[0]])
## test which direction to go
new_point1 = (self.bubbles[i, :2] + orth *
self.step_dist)
new_point2 = (self.bubbles[i, :2] - orth *
self.step_dist)
dist1 = self.center_distance(
self.com, np.array([new_point1]))
dist2 = self.center_distance(
self.com, np.array([new_point2]))
new_point = new_point1 if dist1 < dist2 else new_point2
new_bubble = np.append(new_point, self.bubbles[i, 2:4])
if not self.check_collisions(new_bubble, rest_bub):
self.bubbles[i, :] = new_bubble
self.com = self.center_of_mass()
if moves / len(self.bubbles) < 0.1:
self.step_dist = self.step_dist / 2
def plot(self, ax, labels, colors):
"""
Draw the bubble plot.
Parameters
----------
ax : matplotlib.axes.Axes
labels : list
Labels of the bubbles.
colors : list
Colors of the bubbles.
"""
for i in range(len(self.bubbles)):
circ = plt.Circle(
self.bubbles[i, :2], self.bubbles[i, 2], color=colors[i])
ax.add_patch(circ)
ax.text(*self.bubbles[i, :2], labels[i],
horizontalalignment='center', verticalalignment='center')