定义函数
我们将定义三个用于创建图表的函数。
问题函数
第一个函数是问题函数。该函数接受类别名称、问题箭头的x和y位置以及问题注释的角度。它使用annotate
方法创建问题箭头和注释。
def problems(data: str,
problem_x: float, problem_y: float,
prob_angle_x: float, prob_angle_y: float):
ax.annotate(str.upper(data), xy=(problem_x, problem_y),
xytext=(prob_angle_x, prob_angle_y),
fontsize='10',
color='white',
weight='bold',
xycoords='data',
verticalalignment='center',
horizontalalignment='center',
textcoords='offset fontsize',
arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->", facecolor='black'),
bbox=dict(boxstyle='square',
facecolor='tab:blue',
pad=0.8))
原因函数
第二个函数是原因函数。该函数接受原因列表、原因注释的x和y位置以及原因应放置在问题箭头上方还是下方。它使用annotate
方法创建原因注释和箭头。
def causes(data: list, cause_x: float, cause_y: float,
cause_xytext=(-9, -0.3), top: bool = True):
for index, cause in enumerate(data):
coords = [[0, [0, 0]],
[0.23, [0.5, -0.5]],
[-0.46, [-1, 1]],
[0.69, [1.5, -1.5]],
[-0.92, [-2, 2]],
[1.15, [2.5, -2.5]]]
if top:
cause_y += coords[index][1][0]
else:
cause_y += coords[index][1][1]
cause_x -= coords[index][0]
ax.annotate(cause, xy=(cause_x, cause_y),
horizontalalignment='center',
xytext=cause_xytext,
fontsize='9',
xycoords='data',
textcoords='offset fontsize',
arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->",
facecolor='black'))
绘制主体函数
第三个函数是绘制主体函数。该函数接受输入数据并使用它来创建鱼骨图。
def draw_body(data: dict):
second_sections = []
third_sections = []
if len(data) == 1 or len(data) == 2:
spine_length = (-2.1, 2)
head_pos = (2, 0)
tail_pos = ((-2.8, 0.8), (-2.8, -0.8), (-2.0, -0.01))
first_section = [1.6, 0.8]
elif len(data) == 3 or len(data) == 4:
spine_length = (-3.1, 3)
head_pos = (3, 0)
tail_pos = ((-3.8, 0.8), (-3.8, -0.8), (-3.0, -0.01))
first_section = [2.6, 1.8]
second_sections = [-0.4, -1.2]
else: ## len(data) == 5 or 6
spine_length = (-4.1, 4)
head_pos = (4, 0)
tail_pos = ((-4.8, 0.8), (-4.8, -0.8), (-4.0, -0.01))
first_section = [3.5, 2.7]
second_sections = [1, 0.2]
third_sections = [-1.5, -2.3]
for index, problem in enumerate(data.values()):
top_row = True
cause_arrow_y = 1.7
if index % 2!= 0:
top_row = False
y_prob_angle = -16
cause_arrow_y = -1.7
else:
y_prob_angle = 16
if index in (0, 1):
prob_arrow_x = first_section[0]
cause_arrow_x = first_section[1]
elif index in (2, 3):
prob_arrow_x = second_sections[0]
cause_arrow_x = second_sections[1]
else:
prob_arrow_x = third_sections[0]
cause_arrow_x = third_sections[1]
if index > 5:
raise ValueError(f'Maximum number of problems is 6, you have entered '
f'{len(data)}')
ax.plot(spine_length, [0, 0], color='tab:blue', linewidth=2)
ax.text(head_pos[0] + 0.1, head_pos[1] - 0.05, 'PROBLEM', fontsize=10,
weight='bold', color='white')
semicircle = Wedge(head_pos, 1, 270, 90, fc='tab:blue')
ax.add_patch(semicircle)
triangle = Polygon(tail_pos, fc='tab:blue')
ax.add_patch(triangle)
problems(list(data.keys())[index], prob_arrow_x, 0, -12, y_prob_angle)
causes(problem, cause_arrow_x, cause_arrow_y, top=top_row)