创建球形数据集
接下来,我们将创建一个球形数据集。我们会创建一个球体,去掉两极,并沿着球体侧面切下一个薄片。这将使流形学习技术能够在将其投影到二维的同时“展开它”。
n_neighbors = 10
n_samples = 1000
random_state = check_random_state(0)
p = random_state.rand(n_samples) * (2 * np.pi - 0.55)
t = random_state.rand(n_samples) * np.pi
indices = (t < (np.pi - (np.pi / 8))) & (t > ((np.pi / 8)))
colors = p[indices]
x, y, z = (
np.sin(t[indices]) * np.cos(p[indices]),
np.sin(t[indices]) * np.sin(p[indices]),
np.cos(t[indices]),
)
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(15, 8))
plt.suptitle(
"Manifold Learning with %i points, %i neighbors" % (1000, n_neighbors), fontsize=14
)
ax = fig.add_subplot(251, projection="3d")
ax.scatter(x, y, z, c=p[indices], cmap=plt.cm.rainbow)
ax.view_init(40, -10)
sphere_data = np.array([x, y, z]).T