What does TIMESTAMP=$(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") do in a Bash monitoring script?
TIMESTAMP=$(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
It schedules the script to run at the displayed date and time.
It executes a program named TIMESTAMP.
TIMESTAMP
It captures the formatted output of date in the variable TIMESTAMP.
date
It changes the system clock to that literal format.